Independent Evaluation

Investigating the Effect of SASHA on Medication Round Operational Efficiency in Residential Aged Care

A pragmatic pre-post evaluation at a 130-bed residential aged care facility. Time-and-motion observation, device-generated logs, and staff surveys — conducted independently by La Trobe University.

Dr Tshepo M. Rasekaba & Prof. Hanan Khalil
John Richards Centre for Rural Ageing Research

Findings Report — 1 March 2026
703
Hours Reclaimed
Over 62 days of implementation
88
Full Facility Shifts
Capacity released without adding staff
91.4%
Medication Adherence
Up from 86% at baseline
20,538
Dose Events Analysed
Across 673 medication rounds

Medication Rounds Were Shorter and More Consistent

Median round duration decreased from 76.5 minutes pre-SASHA to 62 minutes during the SASHA era — a reduction of 14.5 minutes per round. Dispersion also tightened, with fewer extremely long rounds observed.

In a 130-bed facility conducting three to four rounds per day, a sustained fifteen-minute saving per round reclaims approximately five to seven hours of nursing time per week.

This equates to roughly 0.13 to 0.18 of a full-time equivalent per year per medication cart — time returned to direct care, documentation, and clinical supervision.
62 min
Median round duration with SASHA

Down from 76.5 minutes at baseline

Pre-SASHA
76.5 min
SASHA Era
62 min

Productivity Improved by 41% Per Dose Event

When adjusted for workload, the improvement was even more pronounced. The estimated number of medication events per round increased from 18.8 pre-SASHA to 26.2 during implementation — a higher throughput.

Despite handling more medications per round, time per administration event decreased from 4.07 minutes to 2.37 minutes. Staff were doing more work in less time.

Morning rounds handled higher volumes of medications yet still required less time per event — reconciling longer morning durations with improved per-event efficiency.
2.4 min
Per medication administration event

Down from 4.1 minutes — while handling 39% more events per round

Pre-SASHA
4.07 min/event
SASHA Era
2.37 min/event

703 Hours Released at Facility Level

Using mechanistic modelling from SASHA device logs, the evaluation estimated facility-wide medication administration duration across all units.

Median facility-span duration decreased from 151 minutes pre-SASHA to 88.35 minutes during the SASHA era — a median reduction of 62.65 minutes per facility-wide round.

Applied to the 673 observed rounds, this represents a total facility-level time saving of 42,159 minutes (702.7 hours). Using an 8-hour shift equivalent, this represents approximately 87.8 full facility-shift hours reclaimed over 62 days.

Framed operationally, this represents an average of approximately four staff hours per day returned to direct care, documentation, supervision, or escalation management — without any increase in staffing levels.
4 hrs
Returned to direct care per day

88 full facility shifts reclaimed over 62 days. System-level capacity gain — not additive staff labour.

Compliance with Medication Administration Standards
SASHA operationalises the Seven Rights of medication administration at a system level — shifting safety from human vigilance to system reliability.
Right Patient
Patient-specific identification via fingerprint authentication
Method
Biometric verification
Right Medication & Route
Controlled oral sachet-based dispensing enforced by device
Method
Structural control
Right Dose
Fixed unit doses with interval blocking
99.99%
Reliability
Right Time
Enforced dose windows managed through system scheduling
87.8%
On-time (95% CI: 87.3–88.2)
Right Documentation
Automatic, outcome-specific electronic records
Method
Embedded at point of care
NSQHS Standard 4
Directly supports minimising medication-related harm through reliable processes and auditable practice
Alignment
Confirmed by evaluation

Medication Adherence Increased to 91.4%

During the pre-SASHA period, medication administration was successfully completed in approximately 86% of observed rounds, with missed or refused doses commonly attributed to resident unavailability, refusal, workflow interruptions, or competing care demands.

Following SASHA implementation, round-level medication coverage increased to 91.4% — a 5.4 percentage-point absolute improvement.

This improvement occurred despite early implementation challenges (staff learning curve, device access issues) — suggesting the observed effect likely underestimates the mature impact of the system.
+5.4
Percentage-point improvement in adherence
Pre-SASHA
86.0%
SASHA Era
91.4%

Baseline missed administrations: 12.5% of observed opportunities

Staff Experience and Satisfaction
Pre-implementation n=22, post-implementation n=36. Mixed-methods design: Likert-style surveys with inductive thematic analysis of free-text responses.

Perceived Benefits and Safety Gains

Staff commonly reported improved medication accuracy, reduced risk of administration errors, decreased manual handling, and less physical strain from eliminating the trolley.

"More accurate, with less chance of giving the wrong medication."

Technical and Infrastructure Issues

Device reliability was a prominent concern. Common issues included unstable Wi-Fi, fingerprint scanning failures, sachet jams, and time required to reload cartridges.

"Slow WiFi. Technical error. Sachets sticking to the outlet."

Workflow and Role Strain

Staff described difficulty balancing medication administration with personal care duties. Role ambiguity reduced focus and efficiency, particularly among personal care workers.

"ADLs and medication together are really difficult. I can't concentrate properly."

Training and Change Adaptation

Training needs were commonly identified. Staff highlighted the importance of ongoing education, regular competency checks, and practical troubleshooting skills.

"It works well once you know how to fix problems."
8.2
Pre-SASHA satisfaction (out of 10)
95% CI: 7.4–9.1
7.4
SASHA-era satisfaction (out of 10)
95% CI: 6.7–8.2 — overlapping CIs, no material decline

Meaningful operational and safety gains — confirmed independently.

The implementation of SASHA was associated with improved medication administration efficiency, enhanced adherence, and strengthened system-level medication safety in a residential aged care facility.

The findings indicate that digital dose administration aids can release meaningful clinical capacity and support safer medication practices without increasing staffing, provided that technical performance, workflow integration, and staff training are adequately addressed.

Staff acceptance was high but conditional. Acceptance reflected the extent to which the system was reliably integrated into existing workflows — rather than any fundamental concern with the model itself.

Rasekaba, T.M. & Khalil, H. (2026). Investigating the effect of a digital medication dose administration aid (SASHA) on medication round operational efficiency in residential aged care. Findings report. La Trobe University, Australia.